Indian Evidence Act

There are certain matters which a witness cannot either be compelled to disclose or even if the witness is willing to disclose, he will not be permitted to do so. Such matters are known as ‘privileged communications. The production of certain communications and documents is either privileged from disclosure or

Dying declaration is the statement of a declarant before his or her death about the cause of their death which might be used to implicate a guilty party. It derives its origin to the legal maxim “nemo moriturus praesumitir mentire” which means that “man would not meet his creator with

TIP Identification’ is the proof in a legal proceeding that a person, document, or other thing is that which is alleged to be. Identification is the evidence of identity. Phipson states that “it is often important to establish the identity of a person who a witness testifies that he saw

The principle of estoppel implies that a man shall not say one thing at one time and later say a different thing. Estoppel is based on the principle of equity. When one person has induced another person by his act, omission or declaration to believe something to be true and

The term ‘Confession’ has nowhere been defined under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. To give a simplest definition, a confession is a statement made by an accused of a crime admitting his guilt. A confession given to a police officer under any circumstances is completely excluded from the purview of